BRAZIL AND CLIMATE ADAPTATION: INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AND LEGAL CHALLENGES

Resumo

The intensification of extreme climate events has placed Brazil in a context that demands more consistent and coordinated legal responses. The National Policy on Climate Change, established by Decree No. 9.073/2017, provides relevant foundations for mitigation and adaptation measures, yet its effectiveness depends on institutional cooperation, technical capacity, and intergovernmental coordination. An analysis of national legislation, Brazil’s commitments under the Paris Agreement, and international cooperation initiatives reveals important advances, such as the expansion of monitoring instruments and the strengthening of bilateral projects, including ProAdapta. However, structural obstacles persist, particularly administrative fragmentation, insufficient resources, and weaknesses in implementing integrated strategies. Based on bibliographic and documentary research, this study shows that climate adaptation in Brazil requires regulatory improvement, permanent coordination mechanisms, and investments capable of sustaining long-term public policies. In this context, international cooperation emerges as a complementary—though not substitutive—element for addressing the legal challenges that shape the country’s ability to respond to climate change.